The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the peer review process is a rapidly evolving landscape, offering the promise of streamlined efficiency and increased objectivity. However, this exciting development also highlights several ethical considerations that reviewers should thoughtfully address and navigate. Most importantly, if a reviewer is considering using generative AI to help them with performing a peer review, first check journal policy on whether this is permissible and, if so, then how.

Ethical considerations are paramount in eHealth and informatics research, particularly when dealing with human subjects. Peer reviewers play a crucial role in ensuring that research adheres to the highest ethical standards. Therefore, one of the main responsibilities of a reviewer is to carefully scrutinize studies and verify that they have conducted their human subjects research ethically. 

Inclusive language is more than just a matter of political correctness; it's essential for cultivating an academic environment where everyone feels valued, respected, and heard. In the realm of peer review, where critical feedback is exchanged, the choice of words carries significant weight. Let's delve deeper into how we can make our reviews more inclusive and unbiased.

Peer review is a cornerstone of scholarly publishing, acting as a way to support the publication of high-quality research and to maintain scientific integrity. During peer review, experts evaluate the work of their peers, providing invaluable feedback. Some examples of key feedback during peer reviews include: evaluations of the validity of the scientific question(s) and approach, methodological rigor, how the work contributes to scientific advancement, potential errors or missing relevant/milestone references in the field, and significance and originality of the research (or appropriateness of reproduction in reproducibility studies, if applicable). 

Welcome to a special JMIR Publications blog series: Inside Peer Review: A Special 5 Part Series. 

Over the course of Peer Review Week, we’ll dive into essential topics for peer reviewers, including insights for early career researchers, the art of high-quality reviews, inclusive language, ethical considerations, and the impact of AI. 

Stay tuned each day for valuable tips and expert perspectives that will enhance your understanding of the peer review process.